Parental obligations begin the moment the child is born. These obligations imply that a child's socialisation process is reciprocal in nature. The conclusion is that parents teach their kids socialisation lessons, but kids' acceptance, receptivity, and internalisation of these lessons varies. One of the challenging duties that every parent aspires to master is parenting. The family unit and parenting practises have a significant impact on all aspects of social and educational development.

In order to assist students get the most out of their education, a variety of aspects must be taken into consideration. Students with learning disabilities may only achieve their full potential with the help of instructors who are well-versed in a variety of teaching methods, including behavioural interventions and specially tailored curricula. It's impossible to come up with a generalised plan that works for all children with SEN or I/D, but the necessity of developing and executing an Individu

भारत जैसे विकासशील देशों में भूमि उपयोग में कृषि की प्रधानता है, क्योंकि यहां मानव की प्राथमिक आर्थिक क्रियाओं में कृषि का सर्वाधिक महत्व है।1 मानवीय अर्थव्यवस्थाओं में कृषि का विशेष महत्व है। जीविकोपार्जन की प्रक्रिया में आखेट, पशुपालन एव वन्य संसाधन पर दीर्घकाल तक निर्भरता के उपरांत मनुष्य धीरे-धीरे कृषि विधियों को अपनाने लगा और कालान्तर में वही इन्हीं के द्वारा जीविकोपार्जन करने लगा। ग्रामीण परिवेश में मनुष्य कृषि कार्य कर अपना जीवन यापन करता है। कृषि व्यवसाय से जुड़ें और कार्य भी किये जाते

The HgPb2 complex has been taken into consideration when reporting the thermophysical parameters of the compound that forms binary liquid mercury-lead alloy at a temperature of 600 K as a function of concentration. By using a quasi-chemical approximation, it is possible to study the alloy's micro- and macro-scopical properties, including the Gibbs free energy, enthalpy of mixing, chemical activity of each component, and concentration fluctuation in the long-wavelength limit. The interaction ener

The topic of this essay is "Coleridge and Wordsworth as Romanticist Pioneers with Reference to Lyrical Ballads." As its name implies, it sheds light on the two poets' contributions as founders of a new poetic age that led the generation of the common man at the time into the Romantic Era and established them as Pioneers as Romantic Poets even today. In order to challenge what was then thought of as English Poetry and make poetry accessible to the common person, the lyrical ballads, which also sp

In acute febrile condition when sudden onset high grade fever especially in children whole family anxious about health of child and expect that as early as possible child will get rid from this state. As per principle of Homoeopathy selection of Homoeopathic medicine selected on basis symptoms Similarities in acute of phase high grade need exact amount medicinal substance administered ie dose to overcome this state to restored complete health L.M potency more effective then decimal and centesim

Machine translation refers to the sub-field of computational linguistics that investigates the use of software to translate text or speech from one language to another. On a basic level, MT performs mechanical substitution of words in one language for words in another, but that alone rarely produces a good translation because recognition of whole phrases and their closest counterparts in the target language is needed. Not all words in one language have equivalent words in another language, and m

Rapid exchange of weight gain and weight loss with a sedentary lifestyle due to everyday urbanization may be a risk factor for dyslipidemia and likewise for CVD. Urban areas may also bring higher economic prestige, resulting in better consumption of fast food and sedentary living. Another study also noted that the city population is experiencing a change in diet, caused by changes in daily diets, which may be lower in saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fiber. There may be a

In Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD), When Child and his parents are very anxious about why Child is suffering from different symptoms of anxiety which is hampering child behavior pattern at home as well as in school, which also can decrease his scholastic performance. Homoeopathy can play an important role in reducing his anxiety level significantly. The Aim of the study is to comparatively analyze the effect of Homoeopathic medicines in reducing Separation Anxiety Disorder successfully.

The prescription which is given after the past prescription has acted is known as second prescription. The second prescription is not which is given after the one or past prescribed one, but any remedy prescribed after the action of the remedy which is given in the first prescription is called as the second prescription. Even after selecting the first remedy based on the similimum, it may spoil the case if second prescription is not selected properly. During the selection of remedy in second pr

Acute respiratory tract infections are one of the commonest infections seen in clinics in day by day life. Acute upper respiratory tract infections includes a number of diseases and tonsillitis is one of the commonest in them. The condition is more common in children and in persons whose immune system is comparatively weak. It is mostly of bacterial origin but may be due to viruses also. Tonsillitis is rarely serious, but they can be extremely troublesome. However tonsillitis can be managed with

There are about an estimated 2% to 40% of people having sciatica at some stage of life. It is most common among the age group of 40-60 years and females are more frequently affected than male. A number of environmental and inherent factors thought to influence the development of sciatica have been studied, including gender, body habits, parity, age, genetic factors, occupation, and environmental factors. Homoeopathic remedies are inexpensive, easy to administer, do not require much dietary or li

प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य में उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यार्थियों की संवेगात्मक बुद्धि का अध्ययन सुनियोजित रूप में किया गया है। वर्तमान अध्ययन की समस्या यह है कि ‘‘उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यार्थियों की संवेगात्मक बुद्धि का स्तर क्या होगा ‘‘ प्रस्तुत अध्ययन में न्यादर्श चयन में सम्भाव्य न्यादर्श विधि का प्रयोग किया गया है। इसके लिये कक्षा हायर सेकेण्डरी के विद्यार्थियों द्वारा आंकड़ों का संग्रहण किया गया । संवेगात्मक बुद्धि को जानने के लिये उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर पर अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थियों के संवेगात्मक बुद्धि का अध्य

Celiac disease (CD) is the most common genetically related food intolerance, worldwide. Celiac disease is a multifactorial, autoimmune disorder that occurs in genetically susceptible individuals Classic GI pediatric cases usually appear in children aged 9-12 years. Celiac disease may also occur in adults and is usually precipitated by an infectious diarrheal episode or other intestinal disease. The prevalence of celiac disease in first degree relatives of celiac patients is as high as 10%-20%. I

गुप्तकाल में अतिथियों का सत्कार, दान आदि अच्छे गुण देखने को मिलते है। इस समय भोजन सात्विक था। मद्यपान भी प्रचलन में नहीं था। चाण्डाल के अतिरिक्त कोई भी माँस, मछली, लहसुन, प्याज आदि का सेवन नहीं करते थे। गुप्तकाल में धार्मिक विकास उच्च स्तरीय रहा। इस समय ब्राह्मण धर्म का पुनरूत्थान हुआ। गुप्त युग में नयी विचारधाराओं के प्रभाव के कारण वैदिक धर्म अपने पुराने रूप में जनता को आकर्षित नहीं कर सका। गुप्तकाल में ब्राह्मण धर्म की मूल भावना को सुरक्षित रखते हुए उसके स्वरूप में बहुत सारे परिवर्तन किये जिसक

The reliability of a system can be defined as the probability that the structure will be working really up a predefined degree of time (i.e., mission time) under communicated conditions. As systems are ending up being more convoluted, the consequences of their sketchy approach to acting have become outrageous in regards to cost, effort, and so forth. The interests in getting to the system trustworthiness and the need to deal with the unflinching nature of things and structure have become progres

Women are the backbone of any civilized society and without women partnership in a civilized society is not complete. In the old days, women were given the same rights as men.However, with the passage of times, some miscreants of society have snatched the rights of them.After the independence of India, attempts were made to remove the inequality and injustice in the society especially for women and fundamental rights inserted in the Constitution of India. Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act do

Legal provisions regarding order for maintenance of wives and children under section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. The word ‘Maintenance’ is not defined in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. Chapter IX of the Code of Criminal Procedure deals with provisions for maintenance of wives, children and parents. ‘Maintenance’ in general meaning is keeping something in good condition. ‘Maintenance’ in legal meaning is money (alimony) that someone must pay regularly to a former wife, hus

Although it is extremely difficult to pinpoint the precise beginning of human awareness of the presence and role of microorganisms in foods. The era prior to the es¬tablishment of microbiology as a science may be designated the prescientific era. This era may be further divided into what has been called the food-gathering period and the food-producing period. The period covers the time from human origin over 1 million years up to 8,000 years ago. During this period, humans were presumably carniv

The continuous paper looks at the web of dilemmas in Kiran Desai's novel The Inheritance of Loss. Themes of the American Dream, government, race and class would be portrayed through images of development and multiculturalism in a postcolonial setting. Likewise, much is paid to such issues as requests for dissolution and abuse, which are clearly inextricably linked to the subjects as a whole. Kiran Desai, as an Indian creator, keeps in touch with her novel according to her perspective within her

Concrete is brittle and low stress, but pressure resistant. In addition, cracks will appear as soon as the concrete is poured. These three deficiencies prevent the use of regular concrete for sidewalks. Using fibers as reinforcement in concrete mixes can reduce these defects in concrete. Tires and waste polyethylene cause environmental pollution and cause various health problems. Both used tires and polyethylene can be recycled and used as fiber reinforcement in concrete. A synthetic hydrocarbon

भारतीय विदेश नीति अपने राष्ट्रीय हितों की रक्षा करने और वैश्विक मंच पर अपने लक्ष्यों को बढ़ावा देने के लिए भारत सरकार द्वारा अपनाए गए सिद्धांतोंए रणनीतियों और कार्यों को संदर्भित करती है। भारत की विदेश नीति पिछले कुछ वर्षों में विकसित हुई हैए जो इसके ऐतिहासिक अनुभवोंए भू.राजनीतिक विचारोंए आर्थिक हितों और सांस्कृतिक संबंधों से आकार लेती है। भारत की विदेश नीति के उद्देश्यों में राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा सुनिश्चित करनाए आर्थिक विकास को बढ़ावा देनाए क्षेत्रीय और वैश्विक स्थिरता को बढ़ाना और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय व

Generally speaking, Percy’s novels explore the existential angst and despair of modern man. In a sense, his novels are the physician turned novelist’s diagnosis of the malady afflicting the post-modern world. He is out and out a Christian novelist. Percy defines the Christian novelist as “a writer who has an explicit concern with nature of man and the nature of reality where man finds himself” He is of the view that the task of the present day novelist is to portray how the alienated man comes t

Asparagus racemosus Wipe out 100 mg/kg is known to have severe and strong protection against thyroid function when isolated and controlled test. Our establishment results are supporting, but further subatomic evaluations should elucidate the specific structure behind the counter thyroid development of Asparagus racemosus root. Amaltas base is tonic, antipyretic, astringent and strong diuretic. They are of remarkable use in joint pain, migraine, chest depression and blood division of the heart.

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability, often resulting in motor impairments that require intensive rehabilitation. Traditional stroke rehabilitation approaches have shown promising results, but advancements in technology have paved the way for innovative interventions. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have emerged as a potential tool for enhancing stroke rehabilitation outcomes by directly connecting the brain with external devices or computer systems. This paper provides a comprehen

किसी भी देश की शासन-व्यवस्था को सुव्यस्थित तथा सुचारू ढंग से चलाने के लिए विशेष नीतियाँ निर्धारित की जाती है, वे विशेष नीतियाँ ही उस देश की राजनीति का पर्याय बन जाती है। प्रत्येक देश की राजनीति उस देश की आंिर्थक, सामाजिक, नैतिक तथा सांस्कृतिक स्थिति का दर्पण होती है। देश के उत्थान-पतन, भूत-भविष्य तथा वर्तमान का अनुभव देश की राजनीति से लगाया जा सकता है। यह बात निविर्वाद सत्य है कि शासक और शासन-व्यवस्था दोनों का प्रभाव समाज पर निश्चित रूप से पड़ता है। जिस देश अथवा प्रदेश का शासक भ्रष्ट होता है, वहा

The majority of developing countries typically enact severe labour market policies because jobs (labour) first and foremost brought employment, more money, more spending, and of course a better quality of life with higher wages. The government receives a lot of tax money from second jobs. People have a tight obligation to pay taxes to the government. Therefore, it only makes sense that both the people and the government profit. And if people lose their jobs or are laid off, the government has a

We will discuss the dynasties that governed from around 300 B.C. to 300 A.D. in this chapter, as well as their organisational structure. We don't really know much about how things were run throughout the Vedic and post-Vedic eras. The situation is substantially different with regard to the Mauryan government. The empire's splendour throughout the Mauryan era is remembered. This is mostly due to the depth of the unique content that may be exploited. We have illuminating bits of writings by numero

NLCs have provoked the incessant impulsion for the development of safe and valuable drug delivery systems owing to their exceptional physicochemical and then biocompatible characteristics. Throughout the earlier period, a lot of studies recounting NLCs based formulations have been noticeably increased. They are binary system which contains both solid and liquid lipids aiming to produce less ordered lipidic core. Their constituents particularly influence the physicochemical properties and effecti

कला भारतीय संस्कृति की परिचारक है। सभी कलाओ में अपनी प्राचीन व् अनूठी छाप रखने वाली कला चित्रकला है। प्राचीन ग्रंथो में भी चित्रकला को सबसे प्रमुख कला के रूप में उजागर किया गया है। भारत में विभिन्न संस्कृतियों का समावेश है। हर स्थान की अपनी अलग कला व् संस्कृति है ए वैसे ही हर स्थान की अपनी एक लोक चित्रकला भी है। ये चित्रकलाऐ हमारे धार्मिक और आध्यात्मिक स्वरूप को अपने अंदर संजोय हुए है। इन लोक चित्रकलाओं से न केवल हमारे समाज का अस्तित्व झलकता है बल्कि ये चित्रकलाऐ हमारे मानसिक तनाव को भी कम

भारत में कई सांस्कृतिक और धार्मिक मेलो का आयोजन किया जाता है ए उनमे से एक है सूरजकुंड शिल्प मेला। मेले की शुरआत पहली बार १९८७ में हस्तशिल्प ए हथकरघा और भारत की सांस्कृतिक विरासत की समृद्धि के लिए की गई थी। मेले ने हस्तशिल्प ए हरकरघा उद्योग को वैश्विक स्तर पर बढ़ावा देने में अपना महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया है। सूरजकुंड मेले में कई देशो के सांस्कृतिक रूप को नया आयाम दिया है। इस मेल में कपडाए चित्रकलाए हाथीदांत का कामए मिटी के नक्काशी दर बर्तनए कलमकारी चित्रकलाए बांस और बेंत की कला कृतियाँ ए लोहे क

Image mining means to separate affiliations and models which are not unequivocally managed there of mind from crude data images. Image mining is a particularly arranged system considering data mining, man-made thinking, reenacted information, image recuperation, image making due, PC vision and edifying grouping, etc. Image mining's capacity of finding solid image plans opens different assessment fields to new edges. Mining huge arrangement of images, and joined data mining of colossal combinatio

This study examined the opportunities and difficulties facing the Indian textile industry. The textile sector is the second largest employer in India. The machinery can be upgraded to increase productivity, and new methods of processing and better management of working capital are also crucial factors in propelling the industry forward. The availability of skilled labor and the enforcement of labor rules are critical in the pursuit of global excellence. International borders present several obst

Significance of green economy is to encourage the development by sustainable technologies. An attempt was made to systematize the main issues in the field of environmental and economic development, concern with specific characteristics and to offer relevant ideas for public policies for reducing the impact of economic deeds on the environment. This means encouragement of economic development, should make certain that the natural resources maintained to provide environmental balance. The point o

Groundwater contamination can affect new developments related to human achievement, general quality and cash. For example, different evaluations have shown that increased levels of fluoride, nitrates, metals, and unnatural common toxins are a flourishing threat to human social classes. This is especially important for youth and adolescents who are more vulnerable to the effects of these poisons than adults. For example, the "blue baby problem," commonly called child methemoglobinemia, was caused

यह उŸार भारत का एक राज्य है जिसे पंजाब राज्य से 1 नवम्बर, 1966 को अलग किया गया था। इसकी सीमा उŸार में पंजाब एवं हिमाचल प्रदेश से, दक्षिण में राजस्थान से, पूर्व में उŸाराखण्ड, उŸार प्रदेश और यमुना नदी से बंधी है। पश्चिम दिशा भी राजस्थान से सटी हुई है। भारत की राजधानी के तीनों तरफ भी हरियाणा की सीमा लगी है। जिसकी वजह से राष्ट्रीय राजधानी क्षेत्र दिल्ली का एक बड़ा हिस्सा हरियाणा में शामिल है। हरियाणा प्रदेश की राजधानी चण्डीगढ़ है जो केन्द्र शासित प्रदेश होने के साथ-साथ पंजाब की राजधानी चण्डीगढ़ है जो

भारतीय संस्कृतिए धर्म और दर्शन के गूढ़ तत्त्वों की मार्मिक व्याख्या करने वाले जयशंकर प्रसाद ने कुल तीन उपन्यास लिखे हैंए श्कंकालश्ए श्तितलीश् एवं श्इरावतीश् जिसमे श्इरावतीश् अपूर्ण रहा। इन उपन्यासों का महत्त्व विशेष रूप से उल्लेखनीय है । श्कंकालश् में मध्यवर्गीय नागरिक जीवन को खुरचकर देखा गया है। इसमें नागरिक जीवन के सभी प्रतिनिधि आ गये हैं। स्त्री. पात्रों में पतिव्रत.च्युत किशोरीए परित्यक्ता यमुना स्वैरिणी घंटीए धर्मच्युत लतिकाए बनविहंगिनी मालाए स्त्रियों की विविध समस्याएँ सामने ले आती हैं।

व्यक्ति समाज की महत्त्वपूर्ण इकाई है। इसके बिना समाज एवं सामाजिक अस्तित्व की कल्पना भी नहीं की जा सकती है। व्यक्ति है, तो समाज का होना संभव है। दोनों के बीच एक गहरा अन्योन्याश्रित संबंध है। जैसे कि एक ही सिक्के के दो पहलू। इन दोनों के बीच का पारस्परिक संबंध अन्य सामाजिक इकाईयों को भी प्रत्यक्ष-अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से प्रभावित करता है। समाज में घटित घटनाएँ ही कमोबेश साहित्य में वर्णित हैं। कभी यथार्थ कभी कल्पना के माध्यम से। अतः हमें समाज का जीवंत चित्र साहित्य में उल्लिखित सत्य के माध्यम से पता चलता

This section provides a summary of the work presented in the research through chapters three to six. The behaviour of multiphase PVDF in (1-x)PVDF/(x)BaTiO3 nanocomposite films is discussed via structural, morphological, dielectric and ferroelectric properties. The dielectric properties are investigated over the wide range of frequency (20 Hz–2 MHz) and temperature (80–425 K). To study the effect of swift heavy ion irradiation of the structural, morphological, dielectric and ferroelectric proper

Recommender systems are defined as a software tool that suggests the items and their features to the users. Earlier, the recommendations were made by the opinions of domain experts having vast amount of knowledge about the subject. As a result of immense growth in digital data in previous decades, the work of recommendation became stressful by using conventional knowledge base techniques. This enormous data lead to the development of software systems that recommend items precisely(Çano and Moris

Sepsis is a real-life threat for humanity as it is one of the serious problems among the medical field. It is a lifethreateningcondition and increases with the severity without detection. As per WHO, it kills more than 6 million people a year. The report says that every year 3 million newborns and1.2 million children suffer from sepsis globally. Due to the resistant pathogens, death rate for neonatal sepsis is estimated as three out of every ten deaths. Maternal sepsis cause deaths associated wi

Urolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, is a prevalent and painful urological disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. This research paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of urolithiasis, including its epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, and diagnostic approaches. Additionally, the paper will focus on the intricate symptoms of kidney stones, encompassing both the common and a typical manifestations. Understanding the diverse symptoms associated with kidney stones

Phytochemicals, natural bioactive compounds found in plants, have been extensively studied for their potential pharmacological and therapeutic benefits. These compounds play a crucial role in plant defense mechanisms, and their diverse chemical structures and biological activities make them valuable for human health. This research paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the most significant phytochemical classes and their associated health benefits. By exploring their potential applicati

In today's contemporary economy, innovation is one of the most important forces that drives both economic growth and progress. It entails coming up with new concepts, products, services, processes, and business models, as well as putting those concepts into action, in order to create value and make operations more efficient. Companies that are innovative are in a better position to produce new products and services that meet the need of customers. This, in turn, leads to greater sales, the devel

The arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice and the presence of magnetic moments within materials are pivotal factors that significantly impact their electronic and magnetic properties. This research paper delves into the intricate interplay between crystal lattice geometry, atomic arrangement, and magnetic moments, elucidating their collective influence on the electronic band structure and magnetic behavior of materials. Through a comprehensive analysis of theoretical models, experimental obs

2-Aminobenzothiazole is a versatile heterocyclic scaffold that has garnered significant attention in the field of drug discovery due to its diverse biological activities and potential therapeutic applications. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances and challenges associated with utilizing 2-aminobenzothiazole as a privileged scaffold in drug discovery. We discuss the synthesis methods, structural modifications, and the diverse range of biological target

This article delves comprehensively into the profound interplay between India's historical trajectory from 1947 to 2000 and its cinematic expression within the Bollywood landscape. It explores how the silver screen evolved as a dynamic mirror reflecting India's social, political, and cultural changes during its golden years. From the early years of independence to the brink of the new millennium, Indian cinema encapsulated the nation's struggles, triumphs, and transformations, enriching its stor

सर्व शिक्षा अभियान ;एसएसएद्ध भारत की सबसे महत्वाकांक्षी शैक्षिक पहलों में से एक है जिसका उद्देश्य गुणवत्तापूर्ण प्रारंभिक शिक्षा तक सार्वभौमिक पहुंच प्रदान करना है। 2001 में शुरू किए गए इस कार्यक्रम का उद्देश्य देश भर में शिक्षा में असमानताओं को दूर करना और यह सुनिश्चित करना था कि सामाजिक.आर्थिक पृष्ठभूमि की परवाह किए बिना हर बच्चे को बुनियादी शिक्षा प्राप्त करने का अवसर मिले। यह शोध पत्र सर्व शिक्षा अभियान की सफलताओं और कमियों दोनों को ध्यान में रखते हुए इसके कार्यान्वयनए प्रभावए चुनौतियों और भ

The impact of social media on mental health is a complex and multifaceted issue. There is no doubt that social media can have both positive and negative effects on our mental well-being. On the one hand, social media can connect us with friends and family, provide us with a sense of community, and help us to learn and grow. On the other hand, social media can also lead to feelings of isolation, anxiety, and depression. Cyberbullying can have a devastating impact on the victim's mental health. It

Today, the talents and psychosomatic preparations of athletes are often seen as equally vital to, if not more so than, the technical preparation for a certain competition or event. Increasing numbers of people from all around the world are taking part in Wushu and Judo competitions every year because of the unique attributes of these sports. The goal of the study is to disentangle the ways in which aggression, competitive anxiety, achievement pressure, personality factors, and self-concept affec

Web indexing plays a crucial role in information retrieval and search engine operations. It involves the process of collecting, analysing, and organizing web pages to make them easily searchable and accessible to users. This research paper presents a comprehensive study of web indexing techniques and strategies used by search engines. The paper discusses various indexing techniques such as crawling, content analysis, link analysis, and metadata analysis. It also examines the challenges faced by

Remote Sensor Organizations (WSNs) assume a critical part in different applications, going from ecological checking to modern computerization. Bunching is an essential procedure utilized in WSNs to improve network effectiveness, draw out network lifetime, and diminish correspondence above. In this unique circumstance, this exploration proposes a clever half and half grouping calculation that coordinates the qualities of both K-Means and Fluffy Rationale for further developed execution in WSNs.Th

The review result propose that buyers' web based shopping conduct is being influence by a few variables like segment factors, social elements, customer web based shopping experience, web composition, virtual entertainment, situational factors, working with conditions, item qualities, deals special plan, installment choice, conveyance of products and after deals administrations go about as a significant job in internet shopping. The review result can't be summed up to the all web based shopping c

The study investigates the relationship between perceived service quality and customer satisfaction among digital printing businesses in Santiago City. The relationship between the demographic profile and customer satisfaction was also examined. This cross-sectional study is based on primary and secondary data. A sample of 369 respondents who availed of the service at least once from the various digital printing businesses in Santiago City participated in the study. A non-probability sampling te

This study looks at how children's cognitive development is impacted by physical activity, emphasising the ways that exercise improves academic performance, learning capacities, and brain function. According to recent research, exercise is important for maintaining one's physical health as well as cognitive functions like memory, attention, and executive functioning. By reviewing findings from neuroscience, psychology, and educational research, this paper explores the biological mechanisms throu

This study investigates the causes and extent of catastrophic health expenditure in India, addressing a significant gap in understanding the economic burden of healthcare costs. The research analyzes both inpatient and outpatient expenses using data from the National Sample Survey Office (2016) and applies a logit regression model to assess the determinants of catastrophic health spending. Catastrophic health expenditure is defined by three thresholds (5%, 10%, and 15%) of household consumption. Key determinants include household size, socioeconomic status, educational level of the household head, and the type of medical treatment received. The study finds that nearly half of inpatients and 33% of outpatients encounter catastrophic health expenditure, with significant disparities across rural and urban areas. Socioeconomic variables, the nature of ailments, and access to public healthcare play critical roles in mitigating catastrophic expenses. States in northeastern India, and groups

भारत में स्वतंत्र और निष्पक्ष चुनावों को सुनिश्चित करने के लिए आदर्श आचार संहिता (Model Code of Conduct - MCC) एक महत्वपूर्ण दिशा-निर्देश है। इसे चुनाव प्रक्रिया के दौरान राजनीतिक दलों और उम्मीदवारों के आचरण को विनियमित करने के लिए लागू किया गया है, ताकि चुनावी माहौल निष्पक्ष और पारदर्शी बना रहे। इस शोध पत्र में आदर्श आचार संहिता के ऐतिहासिक परिप्रेक्ष्य, इसके प्रमुख प्रावधान, वर्तमान स्थिति, और चुनौतियों का विश्लेषण किया गया है। आदर्श आचार संहिता चुनाव प्रचार, मतदाता प्रलोभन, सरकारी तंत्र के दुरुपयोग और मतदान के दिन के नियमों को नियंत्रित करती है। इसका मुख्य उद्देश्य राजनीतिक दलों के बीच समानता और मतदाताओं के लिए स्वतंत्र वातावरण सुनिश्चित करना है। वर्तमान में, डिजिटल मीडिया के बढ़ते प्रभाव और सोशल मीडिया पर फेक न्यूज़ की बढ़ती घटनाओं ने आचार संहिता की प्रभावशीलता को चुनौती दी है। इसके अलावा, आचार संहिता का कानूनी अधिकार न होना, इसका उल्लंघन रोकने में एक बड़ी बाधा है। इस शोध में सुझाव दिए गए हैं कि आदर्श आचार संहिता को कानूनी मान्यता दी जानी चाहिए, जिससे चुनाव आयोग के पास उल्लंघन के म

The influence of advertising on consumer behavior and fashion trends is a profound phenomenon that warrants in-depth examination. Research has shown that advertising plays a pivotal role in shaping consumer perceptions, attitudes, and purchasing decisions, particularly in the Indian fashion industry. Through a mixed-methods approach combining survey research and content analysis, studies have revealed that exposure to fashion advertising reinforces cultural beauty standards and social norms, drives consumer desire for specific fashion trends and brands, and impacts self-esteem, body image, and identity formation. Furthermore, key advertising strategies such as celebrity endorsements, social media influencers, and diversity representation have been identified as significantly influencing consumer engagement and fashion trend adoption. Consequently, there is a pressing need for responsible advertising practices that promote diversity, inclusivity, and positive body image. By exploring th

Intersectional feminism is a crucial concept that recognizes how different forms of oppression, such as racism, sexism, homophobia, and classism, intersect and compound, leading to unique experiences of marginalization and exclusion. This lens acknowledges that individuals have multiple identities and experiences that cannot be reduced to a single aspect ¹. For instance, black women face both racism and sexism, while indigenous women confront colonialism, racism, and sexism. This intersectionality means that their experiences cannot be understood solely through the lens of gender or race. Instead, we must consider how these different forms of oppression intersect and exacerbate each other.

A library attached to any educational institutional is known as academic library. It is an important intellectual resource of the academic community. It helps to an academic institution members for their self development to fulfill the curriculum requirements and to promote studies and research. This is why academic library should, as much as possible make it resources and services available to all resident of the community.

Emotional Intelligence (EI) plays a crucial role in enhancing workplace motivation and performance by enabling individuals to understand and regulate emotions, both their own and others’. Comprising self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills, EI helps employees manage stress, set realistic goals, and build strong interpersonal relationships, fostering a cohesive, productive work environment. Organizations like Google and Microsoft recognize EI’s value, integrating it into training to boost job satisfaction, performance, and retention. Despite challenges, such as the perceived “soft skill” nature of EI and difficulties in measuring its impact, organizations can successfully embed EI by aligning it with existing training programs and fostering emotionally intelligent leadership. Advances in technology, including AI-driven assessments, will further support EI development, helping organizations build resilient, adaptable teams capable of thriving amid challenge

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is a program in India that provides 100 days of guaranteed wage employment annually to rural households. Social workers play a crucial role in implementing the program, facilitating community engagement, advocating for marginalized groups, and ensuring transparency. They raise awareness, build capacity, monitor implementation, and address grievances. MGNREGA benefits vulnerable communities like women, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes, reducing poverty and promoting rural development. Despite facing challenges like limited resources, cultural resistance, and bureaucratic delays, social workers continue to contribute significantly to the program's success. The paper emphasizes the need for enhanced support and capacity building for social workers to strengthen the program's impact on rural livelihoods and development.

The poor dissolution rate of water-insoluble drugs is still a substantial problem confronting the pharmaceutical industry. There are several methods used to increase the solubility of drugs, of those liquid-solid compact technique is a new and promising addition towards such a novel aim, that the solubility of the insoluble drug moiety is increased by the aid of non-volatile solvents and hence increasing the dissolution and bioavailability. The Liquisolid process is a novel and effective approach to improving solubility. Bioavailability relies on drug solubility. With the evolution of modern pharmaceutical products, solubility is a big problem for the pharmaceutical industry. One of the most daunting aspects of drug production remains the enhancement of oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. A newer methodology “powdered solution technology” or “Liquisolid technology”, has been applied to prepare water-insoluble drugs into rapid-release solid dosage forms. This method is efficient, economic, viable for industrial production, also useful in control drug delivery system. Hence due to above reasons Liquisolid technique is most efficient and novel approach for solubility enhancement. To prepare water insoluble drugs into rapid-release solid dosage forms, 'powdered solution technology' or 'Liquisolid technology' has been applied. This approach is reliable, cost-effective, viable for industrial production, and also useful in the drug delivery control system. Therefore, Liquisolid technique is the most effective and novel method for enhancing solubility due to the above factors.

This research examines the roles of cloud service providers, businesses, and end users in relation to the adoption, effectiveness, and challenges associated with various data privacy and accountability strategies in cloud computing. The study emphasizes key strategies that demonstrate significant acceptance and effectiveness, such as encryption, multi-factor authentication, and adherence to regulations, based on a structured survey involving 250 participants. However, newer methods, particularly AI-driven privacy tools, encounter considerable challenges due to their technical intricacies. The findings indicate that end users play a vital role in adhering to best practices, while cloud service providers hold the primary responsibility for ensuring security and compliance. Additionally, the research outlines how liability and privacy concerns are distributed among stakeholders. It underscores the importance of robust frameworks and continuous improvements in cloud security and privacy measures.

This paper explores the political mobilization and regional identity formation in the Telangana movement, with a specific focus on Adilabad district. The period from 1969 to 2014 is analyzed to understand the dynamics of political agitation, identity politics, and the role of regional sentiments in the demand for statehood. The paper examines the socio-economic conditions and historical context of Adilabad, highlighting how these factors contributed to the district's involvement in the larger Telangana movement. The analysis delves into the political strategies employed by local leaders, the role of caste and ethnicity in shaping regional identity, and the impact of socio-economic issues such as agricultural distress and underdevelopment. By investigating the unique challenges and opportunities faced by Adilabad, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of the region's critical role in the fight for statehood. Additionally, the paper reflects on the significance of regional movements in shaping political discourse and state formation in India.

Cloud computing has revolutionized the way resources are utilized, providing scalability and flexibility for users. However, the increasing demand for cloud services has led to higher energy consumption and environmental concerns. Energy-efficient resource scheduling in cloud computing environments is an emerging research area aimed at optimizing resource allocation while minimizing energy usage. This paper discusses various techniques for energy-efficient resource scheduling in cloud environments, evaluates their performance, and provides insights into their effectiveness. The paper highlights the importance of energy-efficient scheduling in achieving sustainable and cost-effective cloud computing solutions.

Teachers’ effectiveness depends on various things and self-efficacy is one of them. The construct of self-efficacy was coined by psychologist Albert Bandura in his social cognitive theory. Self-efficacy refers to one’s belief about his/her capabilities to accomplish specific tasks. Teachers who have a high sense of belief in their teaching capabilities will achieve higher goals while teachers who have a low sense of belief in their capabilities will be under the shadow of fear of failures. Over the last four decades, researchers have thrown the light on teachers’ self-efficacy in teaching and learning and established it as one of the important effective constructs. Self-efficacy plays a vital role for teachers to accomplish their goals, tasks, and how they approach instructional challenges. Teachers with a low self-efficacy evade challenging activities, take creative activities and situations as difficult to do, take most of the things negative and lose confidence in their abilities while teachers with a high self efficacy welcome challenging activities as to be mastered, create deeper interest in their activities, develops a high sense of commitments and mend swiftly from failures. The purpose of this study is to review the construct of teachers’ self-efficacy and its importance in teachers’ effectiveness.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force driving innovation, efficiency, and economic growth across diverse sectors. This paper explores the pivotal role of AI in fostering economic development by enhancing productivity, optimizing resource allocation, and enabling data-driven decision-making. The study examines AI's contributions to key economic sectors, including manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, education, and finance, highlighting how intelligent systems are revolutionizing traditional processes. By analyzing real-world applications and case studies, the paper illustrates the direct and indirect impacts of AI on employment, entrepreneurship, and global trade. Furthermore, the study addresses the challenges associated with the adoption of AI, such as workforce displacement, ethical concerns, and the digital divide, proposing strategies to mitigate these issues while maximizing AI's economic benefits. The findings emphasize the need for a balanced approach that combines technological advancements with policy interventions to ensure inclusive and sustainable economic development. This paper aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and industry leaders, encouraging a deeper understanding of AI's potential to shape the future of global economies.

Since ancient times, crude drugs have been used as medicines and are of great importance for human beings. However, traditional knowledge about the use of medicinal plants is eroding day by day, and there was a need to document the everyday experience of these indigenous medicinal plants. Ayurveda describes the medicinal values and uses of plants for healthcare. By the course of time, various new plants got added to Ayurvedic material medica, Dravyaguna Vigyan. Tricholepis glaberrima (Brahmadandi) is one of them. This plant has great importance due to its nutritive value and a significant source of medicines as they have been found throughout human history.This plant is mostly used for its aphrodisiac property, but several unknown activities need to be taken seriously. This mini-review paper encompasses the Ayurvedic aspects as well as the phytochemistry structure and pharmacological activities of the Brahmadandi plant. The current review focuses on the updated information from various scientific studies and reports available in the context of the phytoconstituents and pharmacology of this plant. This review also provides adequate information about the use of this plant in an Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda.

Green tourism, a sustainable alternative to traditional tourism, focuses on minimizing environmental impact while enhancing visitor experiences. Haryana, known for its cultural heritage, lush rural landscapes, and rich biodiversity, presents a unique yet underexplored opportunity for green tourism development. Despite its proximity to major urban centers like Delhi and Chandigarh, the state's tourism initiatives have largely concentrated on cultural heritage and pilgrimage sites, leaving significant ecological assets and rural tourism potential untapped. This research examines the strategies for aligning environmental conservation with visitor experiences in Haryana, emphasizing the importance of sustainable tourism practices in addressing the challenges of urbanization, environmental degradation, and socio-economic disparities. By analyzing current practices, identifying gaps, and exploring stakeholder roles, the study sheds light on actionable opportunities to transform Haryana into a model for green tourism. It further proposes a comprehensive roadmap for developing green tourism initiatives that integrate ecological preservation with economic growth and cultural enrichment, ensuring long-term sustainability and benefits for local communities, visitors, and the environment.

AI has completely changed the talent acquisition process by providing creative answers to problems with hiring procedures and promoting diversity. With a focus on their revolutionary role in expediting recruiting, lowering unconscious bias, and enhancing workplace diversity, this article examines the uptake and effects of AI-powered hiring platforms in the Indian IT sector. By enhancing candidate-job matching, automating tedious activities, and filling talent shortages, these platforms have completely changed how businesses handle hiring in a competitive and ever-changing market. Biassed training datasets, the "black-box" nature of AI systems, and the requirement for regulatory monitoring are still major obstacles, nevertheless. The quantifiable advancements in diversity and inclusion that AI-driven hiring tools have brought about are highlighted in this article through case studies of Indian IT organisations. In line with changing industrial demands, it also looks at their ability to develop a workforce that is prepared for the future. The results highlight the significance of implementing AI ethically and continuously improving algorithms to ensure inclusive and sustainable employment practices.

Women's right to maintenance refers to the legal obligation of a spouse, typically the husband, to financially support their wife after separation, divorce, or in cases where the wife is unable to maintain herself. Maintenance laws are grounded in the principle of social justice and the recognition that marriage creates financial interdependence between spouses. In the context of marital relationships, maintenance serves as a mechanism to ensure that women, particularly in patriarchal societies, are not left destitute after the dissolution of marriage or during periods of marital discord. These rights encompass not just the financial support during marriage but also after divorce or separation, recognizing the woman’s contribution to the family and her potential economic vulnerability. In India, these rights are governed by various legal provisions, including the Hindu Marriage Act, the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, and Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Maintenance is thus an essential aspect of family law, aiming to ensure financial fairness and gender equality.

ईश्वर, जीव, माया, जीव आदि की मैंने आध्यात्मिक विचारधारा के अन्दर समेट लिया है और राजा प्रजा, पिता - पुत्र, भाई - बहन, गुरु - शिष्य, शत्रु - मित्र, घर- परिवार, आदि के संबंधो को लेकर गोस्वामी जी जो विचार व्यक्त किए हैं उन्हे सामाजिक विचार धारा में रखा गया है। यदि उन दोनों विचार धाराओं का सम्यक अध्ययन कर लिया जाय तो हम तुलसी की विचारधारा से संबंधित अनेक जिज्ञासाओं को शान्त कर सकते हैं। गोस्वामी जी पर इस सम्प्रदाय का प्रभाव पड़ना स्वाभाविक ही था किन्तु इसे उन्होने थोड़ी भिन्नता के साथ स्वीकार किया है। उनके अनुसार इसमें कोई संदेह नहीं कि ब्रह्म निर्गुण है लेकिन उन्होने यह भी मान्यता स्थापित की कि निर्गुण ब्रह्म ही सगुण ब्रह्म हो जाता है- जो गुन रहित सगुन सोइ कैसे। जल हिम उपल विलग नहिं जैसे ।। उन्होने जीव को ब्रह्म से अलग माना है। जगत् को उन्होने असत्य नहीं, सत्य माना है। जीव और जगत ब्रह्म के स्वरुप के अंश हैं जिन पर ईश्वर या ब्रह्म का पूर्ण शासन रहता है। भक्ति या उपासना से ही जीव मोक्ष प्राप्त कर सकता है। इस प्रकार गोस्वामी जी की वैचारिक स्थिति शंकराचार्य से एक सीमा तक सहमति का भाव प्रदर्शित करती है किन्तु असहमति भी स्पष्ट है।

Coumarin derivatives have garnered significant interest in medicinal chemistry due to their diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and neuroprotective properties. However, conventional synthetic methods often involve hazardous reagents, high temperatures, and energy-intensive processes that pose environmental and health risks. In response, biocatalysis has emerged as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative, utilizing enzymes to catalyze reactions under mild conditions, thus reducing toxic byproducts and energy consumption. This paper explores various biocatalytic strategies, such as enzyme-catalyzed reactions, biotransformations, and enzyme immobilization, which enable the selective functionalization of coumarin derivatives with enhanced regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. The adoption of green chemistry principles in coumarin synthesis not only advances pharmaceutical applications but also promotes environmental sustainability.

Through symbiotic and asymbiotic interactions, beneficial microorganisms promote plant growth and development directly or indirectly according to their unique abilities. These microorganisms produce plant growth regulators, including ACC-deaminase and siderophore, those that release organic acids, N2-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and those that increase acquisition of nitrogen and phosphorus under stressed and nonstressed conditions. Beneficial microorganisms can also affect the physiological and molecular events of plants. In this study, we discuss how beneficial microorganisms contribute to salt stress tolerance through physiological and molecular events in plants and how those mechanisms work.

Brief overview of the paper’s aims, key trends in algebraic geometry, and a summary of future directions in the field. The abstract should provide a brief but comprehensive overview of the paper's key objectives. It will introduce the main topics, including the historical development of algebraic geometry, recent advances in the field, and potential future directions. Highlight the significance of these trends in modern mathematics, physics, and computation. A short summary of the methods used to explore these developments, along with a brief mention of the potential interdisciplinary applications, would make the abstract more compelling.

Contemporary British fiction offers a rich landscape for exploring issues of gender and identity, two of the most significant social and cultural topics in the modern world. This paper examines how contemporary British authors address and interrogate gender norms, sexual identities, and the fluidity of selfhood in the context of a rapidly changing society. Drawing on works from authors such as Jeanette Winterson, Zadie Smith, Ali Smith, and Sarah Waters, this study aims to demonstrate how British fiction in the 21st century challenges traditional understandings of gender and identity, reflecting the evolving attitudes toward gender fluidity, intersectionality, and postmodern understandings of the self. Through analysis of key novels, this paper investigates how contemporary British writers represent the negotiation of identity in a multicultural, post-imperial world.

This research paper examines the impact of game design strategies in teacher education by comparing the responses of teacher trainees at the initial and final stages of a problem-solving strategy. The study focuses on cognitive, affective, and pedagogical changes in teacher trainees as they progress through a game-based learning curriculum. The findings reveal the effectiveness of game-based learning in enhancing critical thinking, engagement, and instructional adaptability among teacher trainees. Additionally, the research highlights the role of interactive and immersive elements in fostering deeper learning experiences. The study underscores the potential of gamification in making instructional methods more dynamic and student-centered. Future research can explore long-term retention and practical application of these skills in real classroom settings.

The examination of signatures in photocopied documents is a crucial aspect of forensic document analysis. This study investigates the impact of repeated photocopying on the structural integrity of handwritten signatures, focusing on ink distortion, stroke thickness variation, and overall legibility. The research employs a comparative analysis of original signatures against multiple-generation photocopies to assess alterations caused by the copying process. Findings highlight challenges in signature authentication and the implications for forensic and legal investigations.

हिन्दू धर्म में विवाह को जन्म-जन्मांतर का बंधन माना जाता है तथा विवाह विच्छेद करना सामाजिक दृष्टि से हेय माना जाता है, परंतु कुछ एक दशको में हुये परिवर्तनों के कारण निश्चयात्मक तौर से अब यह नहीं कहा जा सकता कि आज की युवा पीढ़ी जन्म-जन्मांतर के बंधन या धार्मिक कर्तव्य और संस्कार तथा सामाजिक दायित्व बोध से ही विवाह करता है। हिंदुओ में भी विवाह का स्वरूप अब समझौते का बनता जा रहा है। तलाक को कानूनी मान्यता मिल चुकी है लेकिन, इसका तार्पय यह नहीं है कि प्रत्येक हिंदु के लिये अब विवाह का स्वरूप पश्चिम की तरह, समझौते का हो गया है और इसे आसानी से तोड़ा जा सकता है, वर्तमान समय में भी हिंदुओं के लिये कानूनी विवाह, विवाह के लिये पंजीकरण, अंतर्जातीय और अंतधार्मिक विवाह लोकप्रिय नहीं है। कानूनी प्रतिबंध के होते हुये बाल विवाह का प्रचलन है तथा कानूनी संरक्षण के होते हुये भी विधवा विवाह नहीं हो पा रहे। दहेज लेना व देना दोनों ही अपराध है इसके बावजूद भी दहेज का प्रचलन न केवल बना हुआ है बल्कि यह बहुसंख्यक हिंदुओं के प्रभाव के कारण अन्य समुदायों में भी प्रचलित हो गया है जहाँ इसका प्रचलन पहले नहीं था।

This research paper aims to provide a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of various preservation and conservation techniques applied to medieval Indian monuments. Through detailed and systematic analysis, the study delves into a range of conservation strategies, including chemical treatments, structural repairs, environmental control, heritage management practices, and preventive conservation measures. It also examines the roles played by government agencies, private organizations, non-profit groups, and international bodies involved in the conservation of these historical structures. The research focuses on assessing the effectiveness, sustainability, and cultural appropriateness of these techniques in preserving the architectural integrity, aesthetic value, and historical significance of the monuments. Furthermore, the study critically evaluates the challenges and limitations encountered in implementing these techniques, such as environmental degradation, urban encroachment, inadequate funding, and lack of skilled expertise. By providing insights and recommendations for enhancing future conservation practices, this research aims to contribute to the development of more robust, adaptive, and culturally sensitive preservation frameworks for safeguarding India's rich medieval heritage.

Augmented reality has emerged as a transformative technology profoundly impacting the retail industry, especially within fashion. This empirical study examines how integrating augmented reality into retail affects consumer engagement with fashion brands. By leveraging virtual try-ons, immersive displays that bring products to life, and vivid visualizations of merchandise, retailers aim to bridge online and in-store shopping experiences. The research employs a mixed methodology, combining surveys with experimental case studies, to analyze how consumer perceptions, purchasing habits, and loyalty are influenced by AR interactions. Findings reveal that AR enhances engagement through bolstering confidence in purchases, reducing return rates, and fostering emotional attachment to brands. However, the study also underscores challenges like current technological constraints and privacy issues that may impact adoption. The insights provide strategic implications for fashion retailers seeking to meaningfully incorporate AR. Future work could explore AR's long-term impact on consumer-brand relationships and technical progress enabling refined AR applications throughout retail.

Artificial intelligence is changing the face of the financial sector; more precisely, in stock valuation and decision-making. Previously, stock valuation depended on the approach of doing things manually, by intuition, and by complex mathematical models, among others. AI changed the rule of the game. By handling vast amounts of data and identifying intricate patterns, AI has improved the decision-making process of investors, analysts, and financial institutions. This review explores the use of artificial intelligence in stock valuations, particularly in terms of its impacts on price forecasts, risk estimation, and portfolio management.

Kiran Desai's The Inheritance of Loss deeply investigates themes of identity, migration, and the persistent repercussions of colonialism within a globalized context. Set against the stunning backdrop of the Himalayas and modern-day New York City, the narrative weaves together the lives of a retired judge, his granddaughter, and their cook as they confront their individual and cultural dilemmas. Desai skillfully highlights the tension between tradition and modernity, uncovering the intricate realities of belonging in a world characterized by dislocation. Through the experiences of her characters, she illuminates the challenges faced by immigrants and the discord they encounter in their quest for acceptance. This article examines the novel’s rich storytelling, focusing on how Desai utilizes language, symbolism, and character development to engage with broader societal themes. The analysis emphasizes the emotional journeys of the characters and their pursuit of identity in an ever-evolving world, underscoring the poignant message that the legacies of colonialism continue to influence contemporary existence. By contextualizing personal experiences within larger historical and social frameworks, Desai’s work provides a critical perspective on the complex nature of cultural inheritance and the lasting effects of loss.

This longitudinal study explores the transformative effects of intensive oral language sound training on the reading proficiency and academic achievements of children with dyslexia. Over three years, we tracked a cohort of young learners, revealing not only immediate gains in literacy skills but also lasting improvements in overall academic performance. Our findings underscore the profound potential of targeted sound training as a cornerstone of effective educational strategies for children facing dyslexia.

The study has examined an improved Transmission Interval-based Multipath (TIMIP) protocol geared towards reducing latency in applications focused on real time communication, such as video conferencing and autonomous systems. The improved TIMIP remains fundamentally consistent with the original TIMIP, but has been augmented with adaptive adjustments to the transmission interval, packet scheduling based upon priorities, and intelligent or smart path selection to enhance the ability to tolerate dynamic network conditions and heavy traffic. Simulation results over a wider range of network congestion and node densities tested show that there was approximately a 22-23% reduction in end-to-end latency using the improved TIMIP. Furthermore, the improvements with the latency using the improved TIMIP were achieved without sacrificing throughput or packet delivery ratio, both of which demonstrated moderate improvements while still providing reliable and efficient data transmission. Performance comparisons with other commonly used protocols demonstrated that the improved TIMIP provided the best opportunity to achieve low latency, while maintaining a high level of performance in the network. The application of the improved TIMIP protocol demonstrates a viable, scalable alternative that can be utilized in latency sensitive environments. The results relative to the improved TIMIP protocol suggest that this research represents significant potential for the next generation of communication infrastructures that require fast and reliable multipath data transmission.

The study emphasizes the effect of various abiotic stresses—drought, salt and cold—on the germination and early seedling growth of three economically important Himalayan medicinal plants viz., Valeriana jatamansi, Picrorhiza kurroa and Nardostachys jatamansi. The seeds were treated with stress in controlled conditions and germination percentage, mean germination time, seedling growth and chlorophyll content were noted. There was a significant decline in germination percentage and seedling growth in response to stress, and the strongest inhibitory impact was caused by drought and cold treatments. In addition, the chlorophyll content decreased markedly, suggesting that photosynthesis was not working efficiently. Picrorhiza kurroa of the species studied was relatively more tolerant to stress. The current results underscore the vulnerability of Himalayan medicinal plants to changing climate conditions and underline the need for continued research and conservation actions to protect these important species under modified climate scenarios.

This paper examines the role of Provincial Health Accounts (PHAs) as vital tools for promoting economic development in rural areas. By systematically tracking and analyzing health expenditures at the sub-national level, PHAs enhance transparency, inform policy decisions, and facilitate more efficient allocation of resources. These mechanisms not only improve healthcare access and quality but also strengthen human capital—an essential driver of rural economic transformation. Drawing on case studies and empirical evidence, this study evaluates the extent to which PHAs contribute to rural resilience, reduce inequalities, and foster inclusive, sustainable development.

भारतीय भक्ति साहित्य में कबीरदास और गोस्वामी तुलसीदास दो ऐसे अप्रतिम व्यक्तित्व है. जिन्होंने ’राम’ नाम को अपनी-अपनी तरह से परिभाषित किया और जनमानस मैं गहरी पैठ बनाई। जहॉ तुलसीदास काराम सगुण. मर्यादा पुरूषोतम और अवतार रूप में पूजे जाते हैं. वहीं कबीर के राम निर्गुण. निराकार और घट-घट वासी ब्रहम है। इन दोनों के राम-दर्षन में मूलभूत अंतर होने के बावजूद. उनका अंतिम लक्ष्य मानव कल्याण और आध्यात्मिक उन्नति ही रहा है। तुलसीदास के रामः मर्यादा. प्रेम और लोक-मंगल के प्रतीक तुलसीदास के राम. जैसा कि उनके अमर ग्रंथ ’रामचरितमानस’ में वर्णित है. सगुण ब्रहम का साकार रूप हैं। वे दशरथनंदन. सीतापति. और अयोध्या के राजा है। तुलसीदास ने राम को एक आदर्श पुत्र. आदर्श भाई. आदर्श पति. आदर्श मित्र और आदर्श राजा के रूप में प्रस्तुत किया है। उनके राम करूणा. धैर्य. शौर्य. त्याग और प्रेम के साक्षात प्रतीक है। ’रामचरितमानस’ में राम का जीवन केवल एक राजा का जीवन नहीं है. बल्कि वह धर्म. नीति और मर्यादा का आदर्श प्रस्तुत करता है। तुलसीदास के राम का अवतार लेने का मुख्य उद्देश्य दुष्टों का संहार और सज्जनों का उद्धार करना है। वे लोक-मंगल की भावना से ओतप्रोत है। उनके चरित्र में हमें मानवीय दुर्बलताओं से ऊपर उठकर आदर्श जीवन जीने की प्रेरणा मिलती है। तुलसीदास ने राम के माध्यम से तत्कालीन समाज में व्याप्त कुरीतियों. अनीति और अधर्म पर प्रहार किया। वे वर्ण व्यवस्था के समर्थक भले ही रहे हों. लेकिन उन्होंने राम के दरबार में शबरी. निषादराज जैसे निम्न वर्ग के लोगों को भी सम्मान दिलाया. जिससे यह संदेश मिलता है कि ईश्वर की भक्ति में कोई भेद नहीं होता।

This research examines the major issues and strategic directions that define employee retention in the Indian e-commerce market. With the industry growing at a high pace due to the adoption of technology and the changing consumer habits, firms are under increasingly greater pressure to not only attract but also retain high quality talent. Based on the data of 150 respondents of different functions and levels of different companies of the top e-commerce companies in India (Amazon India, Flipkart, Meesho, Nykaa, and BigBasket), the study finds key internal and external reasons behind high attrition. Top of the list are work-related stress, work-life imbalance, lack of career development opportunities, job offers in the external labor market, and a sense of job insecurity particularly among the delivery employees. As the analysis shows, the presence of strong managerial support is a major factor that enhances the results of retention, and retention rates plummet when it is not present. Besides, such HR initiatives as flexible work arrangements, career development programs, and effective recognition systems demonstrate the greatest influence on increasing employee satisfaction and decreasing turnover among other HR initiatives considered. These results support the importance of using a comprehensive talent management strategy by incorporating supportive leadership, professional development, workloads and organizational cultures to stabilize the workforce over the long-term in this fast-paced sector.

The use of induction motors (IM) in electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing because of the high robustness and low cost levels in addition to the wide operating range of speed. However, accurate estimation of torque and effective fault handling in IM driven systems remains a significant engineering problem. The research is a simulation research of the precision of torque estimation and safety control of an electric car using the advanced control strategies, viz., the Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) and Field-Oriented Control (FOC). MATLAB/Simulink was used to develop a detailed model of motor control in order to simulate real life conditions where torques of the load, motor speeds, and fault conditions vary. The MRAS algorithm showed a torque estimation error of less than 3% and the FOC method could minimize the torque ripple and maximize the current performance. The impact of long-time loading on the motor efficiency was also confirmed by thermal models, and safety control loops would be responsive to severe faults such as overcurrent and inverter failure. The results confirm that the combination of MRAS and FOC is a stable and scalable means of enhancing the performance and safety of the induction motor based EV systems.

This paper is an examination of the socio-economic realities and the vulnerabilities in the livelihood of the women employed in the informal sector at Surat, Gujarat. It is built on a qualitative and exploratory research design which focuses on the lived experiences of women who have been working in the fields of domestic labor, textile work, vending and household production. The study is based on the findings of the research that have been gathered through the use of in-depth interviews, discussions with focus groups, observer participation, and reviews of documents. The evidence indicates that most of these women are subjected to uncertain earnings patterns, poor employment security, and poor access to social insurance cover. Collision between informal employment and traditional gender roles and responsibilities commonly leads to a double burden, in that women have both to combine unpaid home based work with vigorous informal labor. Moreover, the research also points out the prevalence of occupational health hazards compounded by the unfavorable labour and a lack of institutional protection measures.

भारतवर्ष का इतिहास केवल विजय और पराजय की घटनाओं का संकलन नहीं है, बल्कि यह उन महान व्यक्तित्वों की गाथा है जिन्होंने अपने साहस, आत्मबल, और नैतिक मूल्यों के बल पर समस्त राष्ट्र को प्रेरणा दी। ऐसे ही वीर पुरुषों में महाराणा प्रताप का नाम सर्वोपरि है। वे न केवल मेवाड़ राज्य के एक यशस्वी शासक थे, बल्कि भारतीय स्वाधीनता संग्राम के पहले आदर्श भी माने जाते हैं। महाराणा प्रताप का जीवन संपूर्ण राष्ट्र के लिए गर्व, स्वाभिमान और स्वतंत्रता की भावना का प्रतीक बन चुका है। सिसोदिया वंश में जन्मे महाराणा प्रताप ने अपने जीवन में कई राजनीतिक और सैन्य चुनौतियों का सामना किया, किंतु कभी भी उन्होंने अपने आत्मसम्मान और स्वतंत्रता के सिद्धांतों से समझौता नहीं किया। जब सम्राट अकबर समस्त भारत को अपने साम्राज्य में समाहित करने की नीति पर अग्रसर था, तब भी महाराणा प्रताप ने उसकी अधीनता स्वीकार नहीं की। उन्होंने स्पष्ट रूप से यह घोषित किया कि “स्वतंत्रता किसी भी मूल्य पर खरीदी नहीं जा सकती,” और इसी नीति पर अडिग रहते हुए जीवनभर संघर्ष किया। उनका राजनीतिक जीवन केवल युद्धों और प्रतिरोध की कहानी नहीं है, बल्कि यह एक दूरदर्शी, नीति-प्रवीण और जनसंपर्क में कुशल शासक की गाथा है। उन्होंने कठिन परिस्थितियों में भी अपने राज्य को संगठित रखा, गुरिल्ला युद्धनीति को अपनाया, और भील व अन्य जनजातियों को संगठित कर एक सशक्त प्रतिरोध तैयार किया। वे एक ऐसे नेता थे जिन्होंने युद्धभूमि के साथ-साथ प्रशासनिक दृष्टि से भी मिसाल कायम की। महाराणा प्रताप की राजनीतिक दृष्टिकोण में लोकहित सर्वोपरि था। उन्होंने जनजातियों, किसानों और सैनिकों के साथ आत्मीयता का व्यवहार किया और न्याय तथा समानता की नींव पर शासन किया। उनकी नीतियाँ आज भी लोकप्रशासन, राजनीतिक स्वाभिमान और राष्ट्रवाद की दृष्टि से प्रासंगिक हैं। अतः महाराणा प्रताप का राजनीतिक जीवन अध्ययन केवल ऐतिहासिक जिज्ञासा नहीं, बल्कि एक राष्ट्रवादी दृष्टिकोण की पुनर्पुष्टि है। वह युगों तक भारतीय जनमानस में जीवित रहेंगे — न केवल एक योद्धा के रूप में, बल्कि एक नीति-प्रवीण, साहसी और नैतिक नेता के रूप में भी।

वर्तमान समय में मानव जीवन तीव्र गति से अग्रसर है, जिसमें तकनीकी विकास, प्रतिस्पर्धा और व्यस्त दिनचर्या ने जीवन को सुविधाजनक तो बनाया है, परंतु इसके परिणामस्वरूप शारीरिक श्रम में भारी कमी, मानसिक तनाव में अप्रत्याशित वृद्धि, तथा असंतुलित एवं अनियमित जीवनशैली जैसी समस्याएँ उत्पन्न हो गई हैं। ऐसी जीवनशैली में लोग न तो समय पर भोजन करते हैं, न ही पर्याप्त नींद ले पाते हैं और न ही नियमित रूप से शारीरिक गतिविधियों में भाग लेते हैं। इसके परिणामस्वरूप मानव शरीर की कार्यक्षमता प्रभावित होती है। कार्यक्षमता से अभिप्राय है—शारीरिक बल, मानसिक स्पष्टता, भावनात्मक संतुलन, सहनशीलता, प्रतिरक्षा क्षमता, और समग्र ऊर्जा स्तर का संतुलित और प्रभावी रूप से क्रियाशील रहना। जब यह संतुलन बिगड़ता है, तो व्यक्ति थकान, चिड़चिड़ापन, रोग-प्रतिरोधक क्षमता में कमी, और कार्य निष्पादन की गिरावट जैसी समस्याओं का सामना करता है। ऐसे में यह आवश्यक हो जाता है कि जीवनशैली में कुछ वैज्ञानिक, प्राकृतिक और व्यावहारिक उपाय सम्मिलित किए जाएँ, जो शरीर और मन को पुनः सक्रिय एवं सशक्त बना सकें। योग और संतुलित आहार इस दिशा में दो अत्यंत प्रभावशाली साधन हैं। योग जहां मानसिक शांति, एकाग्रता, और शारीरिक लचीलापन प्रदान करता है, वहीं संतुलित आहार शरीर को आवश्यक पोषक तत्व, ऊर्जा एवं रोगों से लड़ने की क्षमता प्रदान करता है। इस शोध-पत्र में यह विश्लेषण किया जाएगा कि योग एवं आहार का संयुक्त अभ्यास किस प्रकार मानव शरीर की कार्यक्षमता को समग्र रूप से बेहतर बना सकता है और यह आधुनिक जीवन की चुनौतियों का एक प्रभावी समाधान कैसे बन सकता है।

This comprehensive research paper explores the pervasive issue of domestic violence against women in India, examining its root causes, manifestations, legal frameworks, and the multifaceted efforts to combat it. Drawing from national surveys, legal documents, government reports, and real-life case studies, the study sheds light on the widespread yet often underreported nature of domestic abuse in Indian society. The research investigates the psychological, physical, sexual, and economic dimensions of violence, the socio-cultural and economic factors that sustain it, and the systemic gaps in law enforcement and justice delivery. It also critically evaluates the roles played by government bodies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), civil society, and grassroots movements in addressing the issue. Special attention is given to legislative measures such as the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (2005), related provisions in the Indian Penal Code, and judicial interventions.