Fair dealing and fair use are legal concepts that provide exceptions to copyright laws, allowing certain limited uses of copyrighted material without the permission of the copyright owner. While they are similar in purpose, they differ in their scope and application. Fair dealing is a legal concept primarily used in Commonwealth countries, such as India, Canada, Australia, and the UK. It allows for the use of copyrighted material for specific purposes such as research, private study, criticism,

Both the fundamental rights and the directive principles of state policy are a part of the basic structure of the Indian Constitution. The origin of these two has to be traced in the freedom struggle and the basic principles and the demands in the course of the freedom struggle. Both in Nehru Report and the Sapru Report , the socio economic as well as political charter for the Indian society was framed. The demand was both for political rights and socio-economic rights. The declaration in the f

Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) were invited, on a guideline issued by Government of India in 1992. This inculcated a sea -change in entire gamut of financial market, not thought of before. This research attempts to examine its relevance in the current context and impact on Indian economy and financial market. On establishing the relationship of several macroeconomic variables with FIIs’ flow of fund in India, broadly three sections have been drawn with the two variables each. First, in e

Aluminum Matrix Composites (AMCs), which are lightweight and robust, are used in many industries. Aeronautical, automotive, and other industries are included. Nanoparticles can reinforce and stiffen a wide range of advanced composites (AMCs). “This research project "focuses on the fabrication of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with varying weight percentages of SiC particles and fly-ash using a modified electromagnetic stir casting technique". Electromagnetic stir casting created these co

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of organized crime, its evolution, and operations. Organized crime has been a serious threat to societies around the world, and its complex nature makes it challenging to understand and combat. This paper begins with a historical overview of organized crime and its evolution over time, tracing its roots back to ancient societies and its development in modern times. The paper then discusses the various forms of organized crime, including traditional gr

The term Metaverse was first coined by Neal Stephenson in his 1992 science fiction novel, Snow Crash, to describe a virtual reality space that was beyond the capabilities of the internet at the time. However, with the rapid advancement of technology and the emergence of virtual and augmented reality platforms, the concept of the Metaverse has become increasingly plausible. The Metaverse is essentially a fully immersive virtual reality environment, where users can interact with each other and wit

This research paper explores the crucial role of media in promoting women's human rights. Using a qualitative approach, the study examines the various ways in which media outlets have contributed to advancing the agenda of women's rights, including the use of social media platforms and traditional forms of media. The paper also examines the challenges that media face in promoting women's rights, including biases and stereotypes that can perpetuate discrimination against women. Through an analysi

The protection of trade secrets and undisclosed information is a crucial aspect of intellectual property law. Trade secrets and undisclosed information can include anything from customer lists and financial data to manufacturing processes and software code. While trade secrets and undisclosed information are not protected by registration like patents or trademarks, they are protected through legal means such as non-disclosure agreements and trade secret laws. The purpose of this abstract is to p

Section 58 of Transfer of Property Act, 1882 defines mortgage and provides for six forms of mortgage. Usufructuary mortgage (UM) is defined in Section 8(d) of the Act. Two essentials of UM incorporated in the definition are that 1. the mortgagor must deliver possession or expressly or by implication bind himself to deliver possession and authorise the mortgagee to retain such possession until payment of the mortgage money and 2. authorise mortgagee to receive the rents and profits or any part

Consumer actions when making purchases through digital channels like e-commerce websites or mobile applications are referred to as online buying behaviour. Online shopping appeals to consumers' desire for convenience because it enables them to shop whenever, anywhere, and with ease. Pricing and discounts are quite important; customers compare prices on several online marketplaces to obtain the greatest offers. Consumers need to feel confident that their personal information and financial informa

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of aerobic training on Physical Fitness components of Kabaddi Players. Methodology: For the purpose of study, 40 subjects were selected from Kanpur University. Cardiovascular efficiency was calculated by applying Harvard Step Test. The test was conducted in University Campus and recorded for each and every subject. Procedure: Cardiovascular efficiency was calculated to measure Physical Fitness of subjects. Statistical Tool: The descriptive Sta

The practice of addressing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues while investing has seen tremendous development from its beginnings in the exclusionary screening of listed securities based on moral ideals. These issues now form the basis of the ESG framework. When it comes to examining environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues across asset classes, investors who are driven by value as well as values are increasingly using a range of strategies. There is, nevertheless, a pe

The world consists not only of a lot of good things but also a lot of evil. This topic is relevant because every day most people are faced with manifestations of violence in the modern world. In general, violence is the use of force or a threat to human or animal life. Its result can be injury, developmental disorders, deep psychological trauma, and even death. Violence is one of the most elusive and difficult concepts not only in the social sciences but also in law. In comparison to ancient ti

It is interesting to note that psychological literature on creativity is very rich in terms of the variety of perspectives from which the subject has been approached. One finds that within psychology creativity has largely been conceptualized as a property of the individual - in terms of S-R associations, cognitive operations, personality traits, or mental ability. At the same time, there has been awareness regarding overemphasis on the individual in the study of creativity (Amabile 1983a; Simon

Access to environmental justice is the first step towards attaining environmental justice goals by defining legal standing for all impacted and interested parties in the language of equality; This paper documents genesis of green justice in India and the resilient journey of the National Green Tribunal of India (NGT). After Australia and New Zealand, only India has established an environmental tribunal, known as the "National Green Tribunal" (NGT), which was established under the National Green

Dyes are widely used in various industries, including textile, leather, and paper, and their effluent discharge poses a significant environmental threat. Biosorption is a promising technology for dye removal, and green coconut shell biosorbent has been proven to be an effective and sustainable option. We attempt to provide a review of the preparation, characterization, and applications of green coconut shell biosorbent for dye removal.

Light is a crucial environmental cue for plants, affecting their growth, development, and physiology. Light is perceived by specialized photoreceptor proteins, including phytochromes, which are involved in a wide range of light-mediated processes. Phytochromes are a family of photoreceptor proteins sensitive to red and far-red light. They are found in plants, algae, and some bacteria and play a key role in regulating plant growth and development, including seed germination, stem elongation, leaf

Medical waste is a growing global concern because of its potential implications on the environment and human health. The amount of waste generated by the medical business is rising along with the demand for medical services. Inappropriate handling and disposal of medical waste can have a substantial negative impact on the environment by contaminating the soil and water, emitting greenhouse gases, and spreading infectious diseases. An emerging discipline called environmental biotechnology employs

Human being are grown in a environment which provides all the essentials that are required for their survival and development. Development is key issue for a person or a nation by which standard of life is maintained in societies. Human mind is shaped by its necessities and wants which emerge from instinct and intellect. Intellect always search optimization of resources to maximize the benefits that ultimately provides comfort pleasure and pride. Now a days a race is going on to accumulate those

The study aims to investigate relationship between yoga and mental health. It involves a review of 20-25 literatures to comprehend their relationship from diverse societal views, it elaborates on the concept of a healthy relationship between the two. Yoga is a practise with an ancient history that has both spiritual and philosophical foundations. Yoga has strong mental health benefits in addition to its physical health advantages. Yoga is a method of living that combines mental, physical, and sp

Flannery O’Connor (March 25, 1925 – August 3, 1964) is uncharacteristic of her age. In writing about the pervasive disbelief in the Christian mysteries during modern times, O’Connor seems better suited to the Middle Ages in her rather old-fashioned and conventional Catholic and Christian conviction that the central issue in human existence is salvation through Christ. Perhaps the recognition that such conviction in the postmodern world is rapidly fading and may soon be lost makes O’Connor’s conc

भारतीय विदेश नीति एक जटिल और गतिशील विषय है जिसका व्यापक रूप से विद्वानों और विशेषज्ञों द्वारा अध्ययन और विश्लेषण किया गया है। इस साहित्य समीक्षा में, शोधकर्ता ने इस विषय पर किए गए पूर्व अध्ययनों के परिणाम के साथ भारतीय विदेश नीति के क्षेत्र में प्रमुख विषयों और बहसों का एक सिंहावलोकन प्रदान किया है। भारतीय विदेश नीति के अध्ययन में प्रमुख विषयों में से एक उभरती हुई शक्ति के रूप में देश की भूमिका है। विद्वानों ने इस बात पर बहस की है कि भारत संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका, चीन और रूस जैसी स्थापित वैश्विक श

बच्चों के विकास में अभिभावक की भूमिका बेहद महत्वपूर्ण होती है। इस भूमिका के निर्वाह में स्कूलों के साथ उनका अच्छा तालमेल और समन्वय वाला रिश्ता होना जरूरी है। ऐसा करने के लिए ऐसे फोरम की जरूरत है जहाँ शिक्षकए अभिभावक और बच्चे एक साथ मौजूद हों। विद्यालय एक ऐसी जगह है जहाँ हर समुदाय से बच्चे आते हैं और औपचारिक शिक्षा ग्रहण करते हैंए जिससे वो अपने समुदाय की संस्कृति और काम को सीखते हुए जोड़ते हैं। इस यात्रा में बच्चे अपनी विभिन्न क्षेत्रों की दक्षता में सतत सुधार करते हुए सीखते हैं। पारंपरिक स्कूली श

Many informal workers in India's coal states and districts depend on coal for revenue. These labourers mine, transport, and wash coal. Additionally, many people make a job collecting and selling coal. The informal coal economy is these employees. As India responds to the climate problem and capitalises on a cost-competitive renewable energy market and reliable supplies, a just fossil fuel sector transition is needed. India's coal demand must be halved by 2040 and 85% by 2050 to avoid catastrophi

This research paper provides a comprehensive review of the application of the mathematical constant Pi (π). Pi, denoted by the Greek letter π, is an irrational number representing the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. Its significance extends beyond the realm of geometry and mathematics, finding numerous applications in diverse fields of science, engineering, and technology. This paper explores the historical development of Pi, its mathematical properties, and its practical appl

There have been two groups of philosophers in the annals of philosophy: those interested in obtaining insight into the world as it is, and those who desire to change it. The former group of philosophers idealises a life of contemplation, whilst the latter group envisions a life of activity. The view of mankind and the world alters when the emphasis switches from theory to action. The basic job of the human brain, according to the former, is to process information in order to construct an accurat

Solid–lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers are delivery systems for the delivery of drugs and other bioactives used in diagnosis, therapy, and treatment procedures. These nanocarriers may enhance the solubility and permeability of drugs, increase their bioavailability, and extend the residence time in the body, combining low toxicity with a targeted delivery. Nanostructured lipid carriers are the second generation of lipid nanoparticles differing from solid lipid nanoparticles i

Considering the present Scenario of the issues relating drugs, it is the high time that we have a state drug policy and for the sustainability of the program. We need to look after the programmes again run by the centers under the funding of central Government through the concern department of state. At the same time, the people from various sectors should involve to reduce the problems relating to drugs. It is not only the duties and responsibilities of the various NGOs who are responding in th

This research paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the effects of social networking websites on students. With the increasing popularity and widespread use of platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat, it is crucial to understand the impact they have on the academic, social, and psychological well-being of students. By examining a wide range of studies conducted on this topic, this paper discusses the positive and negative effects of social networking websites, expl

Computing resources such as networks, servers, storage, services, applications, and software are pooled and made available to multiple users over the Internet in a cloud computing setup. In today's era of information technology, we have complete access to data on all major developments in the relevant disciplines. Various small and large scale (manufacturing, automation, television, and constructions industries), Geographical Information System (GIS), Military intelligence fusion (MIS), business

Background: The challenges confronted by the textile business, including sluggish demand, decreasing production, and supply chain management interruptions. The difficulties the industry is experiencing, such as financial losses and joblessness, are also discussed. Aim: The paper goals to synthesize all the challenges the fashion retail sector has faced since the COVID-19 outbreak started. Purpose: The purpose of this paper provides a high-level overview of "An Analysis of COVID-19 Impact on the

Ground water is a basic well of new water for common people and is used for neighborhood, greening and ebb and flow purposes. About 33% of the general population is dependent on groundwater for drinking water. Groundwater is a basic asset especially in arid and semi-arid districts where surface water and precipitation are tied up. Achieving protected and limitless reserves of groundwater for drinking is one of the essential drivers of potential improvement for a country. Nevertheless, urbanizati

No one knows when people first began dressing up for social occasions. Just as it is inherent for humans to appreciate aesthetic beauty, so too is the need to present oneself in a neat, beautiful manner. In today's society, it is the single most influential aspect of one's physical appearance. The need to always look one's best and make a good impression prompted several changes, one of which was the rise of the fashion industry. Merriam-Webster defines "fashion" as the practise of "giving shape

The techniques that have been used to synthesized BaTiO3 and (1-x)PVDF/(x)BaTiO3 nanocomposite films have been described in detail in this chapter. Also, this chapter describes the prominent techniques for structural, electrical and magnetic characterization employed in the present investigations. These techniques include X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase identification, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) using secondary electron imaging mode for investigating the surface morpho

समय के साथ शिक्षण और सीखने के तरीके बदल गए हैं। पारंपरिक तरीकों का स्थान आधुनिक तरीकों ने ले लिया है। ऑडियो विजुअल मुख्य धारा में हैं जिसने पूरे परिदृश्य को बदल दिया है। सीखने के विभिन्न तरीके, जो या तो शिक्षक केंद्रित हो सकते हैं या छात्र केंद्रित हो सकते हैं, शिक्षण सिद्धांतों से बेहतर हैं। सीखने की पिछली शिक्षण विधियों में ऐसी स्थितियाँ शामिल होती हैं जहाँ छात्रों को व्याख्यान-आधारित प्रारूप का उपयोग करके सामग्री वितरित की जाती है, लेकिन सीखने का एक अधिक आधुनिक दृष्टिकोण रचनावाद है। वर्तमान अ

This lab report will discuss the hand layup procedure used to create composite materials. A hand lay-up involves the simultaneous application of a glass fiber-reinforced material (30-45%-by volume) and a liquid thermosetting resin to a male or female mould. The finished product is cured by let it to sit out at room temperature or by applying heat to speed up the process (dry composite). We used this hand layup technique to make a composite out of fibre fabric and epoxy, which was then reinforced

Chemical analysis was used to determine which phytoconstituents were present, and they were found mostly in the following extract: Carbohydrate, Glycoside, Tannin, Gum, and MucilageSugars, Glucosides, Proteins, Fatty Acids, Stable Oils, Tannins, Phytosterols, Gum, Mucilage, Alkaloids, Resin, Flavonoids, and Flavonoids.Sugars, lipids, proteins, peptides, phenolic compounds, tannins, phytes, sterols, alkaloids, resins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids The extract with a polarity somewhere in the mid

Phytomedicine, the use of plant-derived substances for medicinal purposes, has been an integral part of traditional medicine systems for centuries. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring the therapeutic potential of natural remedies, especially those derived from Abutilon Indicum and Amaranthus spinosus leaves. This research paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the medicinal properties of these plant species and their various fractio

The power generated by solar panels and wind turbines to the present electrical grid, we will be able to build a hybrid renewable energy system that is both reliable and self-sufficient. Current harmonics induced by non-linear loads at load centres may be suppressed at a cheap cost by including a harmonic mitigation feature into the grid-interfacing inverter. The inverter controller is made up of two loops: one that controls the DC connection voltage and the other that reduces the harmonic conte

Chronic inflammatory disorders and neurodegenerative diseases are two complex and interconnected groups of pathologies that have attracted substantial attention in recent years. Although they exhibit distinct clinical manifestations, emerging evidence suggests a strong association between chronic inflammation and the onset and progression of various neurodegenerative disorders. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the interplay between chronic inflammatory processes and the development of

Masterminding is significant, in any case learning is head. You need to push structures, for example, iterative improvement, that help packs find what accessories truly require and make up for lost time with that data. It's in addition basic for a social affair to routinely mull over what they're doing and a brief timeframe later act to improve their procedure. It's not basic to begin programming improvement by portraying a hard and fast affirmation, and when in doubt that shows up, clearly, to

Cloud computing is the upcoming environment in the use of computer technology. Numerous users are keen to put their information in cloud; since balancing load in cloud a risky. Load balancing resource allocation plays a vital role. This chapter deals with the research motivation, the objectives and the thesis organization.

The current study piece in particular identifies the change in the features of income that decides the suitable capacity that disburses the more money in addition to the specification of the vital items and services. The primary purpose of this research is to investigate the myriad of different sorts of income factors that have an impact on consumer behaviour in India. The decline in income has a counterintuitive effect on the level of demand coming from customers. The primary quantitative data

This research paper presents a comprehensive review of the magnetic-crystallographic connection, highlighting the intricate interplay between magnetic properties and crystallographic structure in various materials. The paper explores the fundamental principles underlying this connection and discusses the significant advancements in experimental techniques and theoretical models that have facilitated our understanding of this complex relationship. By examining a wide range of studies from diverse

The present study include the synthesis and characterization of some new Thiazolidine-4-one derivative condensation with primary amine (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, pyrazinoic acid hydrazide and sulphanilamide) in presence of formaldehyde via mannich reaction. The Prepared Compounds GS1-GS13 diagnosed by using IR, 1H-NMR, Mass spectra and elemental analysis. Most of the synthesized compounds were sensitive against gram positive, gram negative bacterial and fungal strains. Among the synthesized m

Clustering is a Machine Learning technique that involves the grouping of data points. Given a set of data points, we can use a clustering algorithm to classify each data point into a specific group. In theory, data points that are in the same group should have similar properties and/or features, while data points in different groups should have highly dissimilar properties and/or features. Clustering is a method of unsupervised learning and is a common technique for statistical data analysis us

Arthritis is a complex group of musculoskeletal disorders characterized by inflammation and joint pain. B-cells, a key component of the adaptive immune system, have garnered significant attention for their involvement in the pathogenesis of various forms of arthritis. This journal article explores the multifaceted role of B-cells in arthritis, focusing on their contribution to disease development and progression. Additionally, it discusses the emerging therapeutic strategies targeting B-cells th

The simulator developed in this chapter has been executed for 100000 number of simulation runs in order to compute system reliability for web-based software. The results obtained for web-based software reliability corresponding to different data sets of values of web page reliability. It is found that the system reliability increases as the web page reliability increases. The simulator described in his chapter will be of great importance to evaluate the reliability of web based software. The tra

A number of plant pathogenic fungi produce toxins that can damage plant tissues. Toxins are often classified as host selective (host specific) or nonspecific. Host-selective toxins (HSTs) are toxic only to host plants of the fungus that produces the toxin. In contrast, nonspecific toxins can affect many plants regardless of whether they are a host or non-host of the producing pathogen. Yoder (1980) classified toxins of plant pathogens as a pathogenicity factor or a virulence factor by consideri

2-Aminobenzothiazole compounds are widely used in various industrial applications, including the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and rubber chemicals. However, their potential toxicity and environmental impact have raised concerns about their safe use and disposal. This research paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the toxicity and environmental implications of 2-aminobenzothiazole compounds based on existing literature and experimental data. The paper aims to provide insights into t

The ubiquity of music web-based features has filled dramatically lately. With the appearance of new advancements and the simple entry to music through cell phones, it has become progressively significant for engineers to make solid and easy to use music streaming applications. In this exploration paper, we will examine the improvement of a music streaming application involving the Respond system and Firebase as the backend. We will investigate the different highlights and parts of the applicatio

There are more than 2.2 million significant street mishaps in the US consistently. Which is the most noteworthy on the planet. However, amazingly, street mishaps in India are multiple times not exactly in the US, yet the quantity of passings is mutiple and a half lakh a year. Simultaneously, the quantity of individuals who bite the dust in excess of 22 lakh street mishaps in America is just 34 thousand. As per the near report, the quantity of passings in 2.2 million street mishaps in the US is n